Operetta in German Operetta

johann strauss ii

the significant composer of operetta in german language austrian johann strauss ii (1825–1899). first operetta indigo und die vierzig räuber (1871). third operetta, die fledermaus (1874), became performed operetta in world, , remains popular stage work. libretto based on comedy written offenbach s librettists. in all, strauss wrote 16 operettas , 1 opera, great success when first premiered. many of lesser operettas largely forgotten, since later librettists less talented , composed independently of plot.

strauss s operettas, waltzes, polkas, , marches have viennese style, , popularity causes many think of him national composer of austria. theater der wien never failed draw huge crowds when stage works first performed. after many of numbers audience call noisily encores.

franz von suppé, contemporary of strauss, closely modeled operettas after offenbach. viennese tradition carried on franz lehár, oscar straus, carl zeller, karl millöcker, leo fall, richard heuberger, edmund eysler, ralph benatzky, robert stolz, emmerich kálmán, nico dostal, fred raymond, igo hofstetter , ivo tijardović in 20th century.

germany

in same way vienna center of austrian operetta, berlin center of german operetta. berlin operetta had own style, including, after world war i, elements of jazz , other syncopated dance rhythms, transatlantic style, , presence of ragged marching tunes. berlin operettas included aspects of burlesque, revue, farce, or cabaret.

paul lincke, father of berlin operetta

paul lincke pioneered berlin operetta in 1899 frau luna, includes berliner luft ( berlin air ), became unofficial anthem of berlin. lysistrata (1902) includes song , tune glow-worm , remains quite popular internationally. later, in 1920s , 1930s, kurt weill took more extreme form of berlin operetta style , used in operas, operettas, , musicals.

the berlin-style operetta coexisted more bourgeois, charming, home-loving, , nationalistic german operettas—some of called volksoperetten (folk operettas). prime example leon jessel s extremely popular 1917 schwarzwaldmädel (black forest girl). these bucolic, nostalgic, home-loving operettas officially preferred on berlin-style operettas after 1933, when nazis came power , instituted reichsmusikkammer (state music institute), deprecated , banned decadent music jazz , similar foreign musical forms.

notable german operetta composers include paul lincke, eduard künneke, walter kollo, jean gilbert, leon jessel, rudolf dellinger, walter goetze , ludwig schmidseder.