Early years Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne

mary lucas, older sister of margaret cavendish

cavendish s father, thomas lucas, exiled after duel resulted in death of 1 mr. brooks ; pardoned king james , returned england in 1603. youngest of 8 children, cavendish recorded spent great deal of time siblings. did not have formal education had access scholarly libraries , tutors, although intimated children paid little attention tutors, rather formality benefit . @ age, cavendish putting ideas , thoughts down on paper since during time period not common or accepted women publicly intelligent. kept intellectual endeavours within privacy of home. family 1 of relatively significant means , cavendish indicated despite being widow, mother chose keep family in condition not muych lower when father alive; children had access honest pleasures , harmless delights. mother had little no male help.