Conquest Italian Libya

allegory of italian conquest of libya, 1912.

the history of libya italian colony started in 1911 , characterized major struggle muslim native libyans lasted until 1931. during period, italian government controlled coastal areas of colony. between 1911 , 1912, on 1,000 somalis mogadishu, capital of italian somaliland, served combat units along eritrean , italian soldiers in italo-turkish war. of troops stationed never returned home until transferred italian somaliland in preparation invasion of ethiopia in 1935.

after italian empire s conquest of ottoman tripolitania (ottoman libya), in 1911–12 italo-turkish war, of colonial period had italy waging war of subjugation against libya s population. ottoman turkey surrendered control of libya in 1912 treaty of lausanne, fierce resistance italians continued senussi political-religious order, nationalistic group of sunni muslims. group, first under leadership of omar al mukhtar , centered in jebel akhdar mountains of cyrenaica, led libyan resistance movement against italian settlement in libya. italian forces under generals pietro badoglio , rodolfo graziani waged punitive pacification campaigns turned acts of repression after massacres of italian soldiers @ sciara sciat , other localities. resistance leaders executed or escaped exile. forced migration of more 100,000 cyrenaican people ended in italian concentration camps. after 2 decades, italy predominated.

in 1930s, policy of italian fascism toward libya began change, , both cyrenaica , tripolitania, along fezzan, merged italian libya in 1934. in second half of 1930s, under governor italo balbo, italian libya experienced huge development.